People need to know how human papillomavirus is transmitted. Is this the only way to protect yourself from dangerous diseases? Papilloma is often overlooked. Most people believe that if growth occurs in the body, it will disappear on its own. This mistake hurts the human heart and can have devastating consequences.
Papilloma tissue tends to grow, causing the papillomavirus to spread throughout the body. Sometimes certain strains can cause cancer.
What is human papillomavirus
This virus is a chronic infectious form of various diseases that can occur in people of all ages. In medical practice, this virus is divided into two types, one of which does not carry the risk of dangerous diseases and the virus at high risk.
Low-risk viruses include papillomas and warts of subtypes 6 and 11, while dangerous ones are 16 and 18. This latter type leads to cell mutations and the development of cancer.
Papillomavirus multiplies on the skin and mucous membranes. As a result, the following growths appear on the skin:
- wart;
- condylomata;
- papillomas of the mouth and throat;
- papillomas in the internal organs.
Papillomas are a common cause of cancer of the cervix in women as well as men. To avoid such consequences, it is important to know how the disease is transmitted.
How the virus enters the human body
The infection is spread through the mucous membranes or skin of a person. In the absence of acute disease, papillomas do not form in any way and there is no growth on the surface of the skin.
If plants of different colors appear on the skin, it indicates a pre-cancerous condition when the skin and the whole body are exposed to a harmful disease or when the immune system is weakened.
The "favorite" places for bacteria to enter are cuts, scars, and other damage to the skin where the virus can enter.
The risk of infection increases if:
- A person's immune system is severely compromised by a cold or other causes.
- Intestinal or female genital dysbacteriosis is observed. In this case, the death of beneficial microflora occurs, and in its place comes harmful microorganisms, in this case human papillomavirus infection.
- Presence of sexually transmitted diseases.
- Recurrence of chronic diseases.
- Stress, depression, which reduces a person's immunity to viruses.
Most people who suffer from nicotine addiction, as well as women who take birth control pills, get sick.
Ways of virus replication
If a person does not have any symptoms, it does not mean that they do not have papillomavirus. The initial stage in which there is no initial growth can be identified with the help of the latest tools. In medicine, there are several ways in which dangerous microorganisms can be transmitted.
Both men and women can be infected with the dangerous virus. The following transfer methods are different:
Sexual
This is a common method for infections. Papillomavirus can be transmitted from an infected person to a healthy person through the same sex. It does not matter whether the contact is oral, vaginal or anal. The danger is still there.
Most people are interested in whether the HPV can be transmitted from woman to man. The disease is most commonly diagnosed in men, but most women can be carriers. In this case, the place of bacteria is the genitals or the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, where the genital warts are formed. In this case, there is a 100% risk of infection.
Papillomas appear in the anus during anal sex. Especially if there is any damage or injury. If a partner has warts on his genitals, the use of a condom will not fully protect him.
Causes of the disease:
- early onset of sexual activity;
- frequent exchange of sexual partners;
- Condyloma or wart in a sexual partner.
Oral sex is the most common way to infect 16 and 18 types of papillomas. In this case, the virus enters the human body through various wounds or other lesions of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity. There is a high risk of developing oral cancer if it is not treated properly in the mouth. To avoid such consequences, you should use a condom.
If the virus is localized on human skin, condoms will not help. Papillomas are in direct contact with human skin, where warts and warts are located.
With family
In this case, the infection is transmitted in the following ways:
- Use the same towel, soap and other personal hygiene items with a person with warts. Pathology occurs when the body is injured and torn.
- Using a toothbrush or utensils can lead to infection through the patient's saliva.
- The clothes of an infected person are a source of transmission for the virus and can be transmitted to a healthy person.
- Self-infection with beards, hair removal and other methods. If the wart is damaged by a razor or something else, the disease will occur if there is no danger in the nose. When damaged, this growth leads to the development of neoplasms that can pose a serious threat to human health.
Infectious diseases in public places through contact with infected people
In medical practice, there have been cases of blood transfusions, genital warts, inadvertently spreading the infection throughout the body, and poor sterilization of manicure tools in salons.
Mother-to-child transmission
Human papilloma is not a hereditary disease, but there is a risk of mother-to-child transmission. There is a small risk of contracting the virus while carrying a baby, but if the placenta is damaged or has other changes, the papilloma can be passed on to the unborn baby.
The virus enters the placenta because the fetus has not yet formed the bronchi and alveoli. In this case, the child develops respiratory papillomatosis. If the baby's breathing is disturbed after birth, an examination is performed, after which drug treatment or surgery may be prescribed. The latter option is more commonly used because it has a greater chance of healing.
Therefore, when planning a pregnancy, all tests should be performed to rule out the risk of papilloma.
It is possible for a baby to become infected while passing through the birth canal. As a result, the formation of genital warts in the mouth and larynx in children leads to various disorders of the respiratory system and reduced immunity.
If papillomas are found in a woman's genitals before delivery, an artificial birth is performed to reduce the risk of infecting the baby.
Breastfeeding is another way a mother can infect her baby. In this case, the child develops respiratory papillomatosis, which requires immediate treatment.
Features of the virus in men and women
In women, the virus is transmitted through the cervix, rectum or mouth. If the sexual partners change frequently, the risk of infection is maximized. The consequences of the disease can be infertility, cancer and many other diseases.
In men, the papilloma virus is most commonly found on the skull of the penis, in the foramen magnum, or in the oral cavity. In men, the disease may be asymptomatic, and papillomavirus may develop only after severe stress or decreased immunity.
A dangerous case of HPV in men is the development of cancer of the male genitals or anus.
In order to prevent the virus from entering the human body, it is necessary to follow the rules of hygiene, as well as maintain a healthy lifestyle and be faithful to one sexual partner.